The Works of Marc Chagall （所有图片可点击放大）

The most important formative influence on Chagall was probably that of Russian folk art. This is evident in one of his earliest paintings, The Dead Man, 1908. Its childlike simplification of images and its fairy-tale element of fantasy, seen in the violinist on the roof top were to be basic characteristics of his style.

formative influence：表示“形成力”，比如：the formative influence of a teacher on a student's character (老师对学生性格形成的影响)。而对于年轻的夏加尔来说，俄罗斯的民间艺术（Russian folk art）是塑造他独特的画风最重要影响力。

simplification：单纯化，简单化。它是动词simplify的名词形式。childlike simplification of images单纯童稚的形象是夏加尔绘画中最突出特点，欣赏他的作品就仿佛迈进了一个童话世界——所有一切都如此纯净，和谐。这个特点在他的早期作品《死去的人》（The Dead Man）中就有所反映。

Paris effected two important developments in his work. His color, previously cold and gray in tone, became strong and rich. Cubism influenced his treatment. In I and the Village, 1911, various remembered images of his homeland are fused in a two dimensional, cubistic pattern of interesting planes; the dreamlike and fantastic qualities of such works were later to appeal to the Surrealists.

tone：这里指“色彩的层次，色调，明暗”。 也许是受俄罗斯严寒天候的影响，夏加尔早期作品的色调阴冷灰暗（cold and gray in tone），但当他到巴黎后，受巴黎轻松浪漫的情调的感染，他的作品的色彩变得强烈奔放，画面层次也丰富了。

Cubism：立体主义，代表人物是毕加索和布洛克。

fuse：表示“融化，融合”。 夏加尔在《我和村庄》中使记忆中俄罗斯农庄的各种形象交叠融合在一起，仿佛是一位游子梦回故乡。

Surrealists：超现实主义画家。超现实主义不受理性和逻辑的制约，取向人类的无意识而产生的意想，代表人物有达利。夏加尔作品对超现实主义产生了一定的影响。

After his return to Russia, Chagall's color became again colder and more subdued, but he developed his repertoire of imagery. There are many paintings celebrating the happiness of his marriage; pairs of lovers were to remain a central theme in his work.

repertoire：（演员剧团的）保留节目。用这个词正说明梦幻repertoire是夏加尔作品的最打动人的地方。

theme：主题。从俄国回来之后，婚姻的快乐成为夏加尔的主题，一对恋人的形象一再出现的他的画中，象是在讲述他所经历的美好爱情。

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