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休闲区 -> 人与自然
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 In
nature as with humans there are rules of hygiene. The first is to know how
to stay clean. For animals staying clean[2] means first of all getting
rid of the many parasites[3] that hide in their skin. The large animals
found in Africa have a considerable[4] ally in this: the little ox
bird. They run and flutter[5] about continuously on the backs of
the animals, and feed on the tiny insects that they find there. But for
the monkeys as with African baboons there is no way that they'll let themselves
be cleaned by a bird. No, it's grooming. Cleaning is done as a family or
alone. But in one way or another, monkeys take great care of their fur.
They scratch one another and they cuddle[6]. For bison, nothing is
better than lying down and rolling around in the dust, and rubbing on the
ground, getting rid of parasites like ticks and lice. The elephant also
covers itself with dust thanks to its trunk. It can build itself a real
anti-insect defense. And in water, mud is even better because when it dries,
it is more resistant. But all this doesn't prevent[7] the elephant
from taking a good bath, because nothing is better than rolling around.
和人类一样，在自然的卫生规则里，首先就是要知道该如何保持清洁。对动物而言，保持清洁的定义就是赶走藏在它们身上的寄生虫。在非洲发现的大型动物有共生的伙伴：小食客鸟。它们在动物的背上不断地跳跃移动，以那里找到的小虫为食。但是对猴子而言，如这些狒狒，是不可能让鸟来为它们清理虫子的，不用它们扫除。这种梳理清洁的工作通常是由家庭或是自己来做的。但不论是哪一种方式，狒狒们都会非常小心地照料它们的皮毛的。它们互相抓虱子还有拥抱。而美国野牛最爱做的是躺在泥堆里打滚，并在地上摩擦，把身上的跳蚤和虱子弄掉。多亏了它那长鼻子，大象也把自己铺满尘土，给它自己铺上一层防寄生虫膜。如果有泥浆就更好了，因为泥浆干后会有更好的保护作用。但这些都阻止不了大象痛快地洗澡，因为没有什麽比滚来滚去更好的了。
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注释： 1、 sanitation：卫生。“环境卫生”可以说成“enviromental sanitation” ；“食品卫生”可以说成“food sanitation”。后面提到的hygiene是它的同义词，只是hygiene概括的范围更广，除了表示卫生状况，还能表示卫生学，健康法。 2、 stay clean：这里的stay就不是指“停留”，而是“保持，继续处于某种状态”的意思。比如“商店开到8点”，就可以说成“The shop stays open till eight o'clock .” 3、 parasite：寄生虫。社会的寄生虫为世人所不齿，所以“Don't be parasites on the community”（不要成为社会的寄生虫。） 4、 considerable：在此处是指“相当多的”，它修饰alley（名词，这里指“助手”）比如你刚刚谈成一笔生意，这就意味着你将拿到a considerable sum of money一笔数目相当可观的钱，此刻是否感觉特爽？ 5、 flutter：拍(翅)，鼓翼。“小鸟在树丛中欢快地飞翔”，可以这样说：The birds fluttered excitedly in the trees. 6、 cuddle：搂抱。世界上最温馨的画面莫过于母亲拥吻她的宝贝,The mother cuddled her baby.（母亲拥抱着她的孩子。） 7、 prevent from：阻止……做某事。Prevent...from doing sth.是用得最多的一种形式，其实除了这一结构外，还可以说：prevent sb. doing sth.比如：The storm prevented him coming in time.（暴风雨使他未能及时赶到。）
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