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Dolphin
Dolphin,
a magical word, the friend of children's dreams. The tireless companion
of sailor's long journeys, the zoologist's favorite enigma[1].
That dolphins are intelligent is no longer questioned by anyone. Dolphins
are social animals who have a highly developed sense of the ties[2]
between individuals. Dolphins will help a hurt animal, group together
to fight against enemies, mainly large sharks. They'll help a mother who
has just given birth[3]. All these relations require a means of
communication. And dolphins have developed their own. According to the
latest studies, dolphins have three notes that they converse in. The males'
whistle and sing is to attract the females or to warn[4] of danger.
The females whistle as well[5] but differently to communicate with
their babies. Dolphins communicate not only with their voices. Gestures
and attitudes play an important role as well and dolphins spend an enormous
amount of time touching and nuzzling one another, a very clear way of
saying I love you. Scientists are doing more research than ever on dolphin
language. More and more is being discovered about their great capacity
to adapt, and to understand new experience. We know that they are capable
of learning. And perhaps one day man will be able to enter into direct
contact[6] with them.
海豚
海豚对孩子而言是个神奇的字儿,它是孩子们所梦想的朋友。航海者长途旅行中永不疲倦的伙伴,也是动物学家的最爱。今天海豚的智慧已被人肯定是毋庸置疑的了。海豚是高度发展个体互助关系的群体社会动物。海豚帮助受伤的动物,团结一致对付敌人,这敌人一般来说是大鲨鱼。或者帮助临盆的母亲来生产。这所有的关系需要交流才能实现,而海豚发展出一套自己的交流模式。最近的报告指出海豚有三种交谈的语调。公海豚吹口哨唱歌以吸引母海豚,或者警告危险。母海豚也吹口哨但却是与小海豚交谈。海豚不光是用它们的声音来相互沟通。动作姿态也扮演着重要的角色。海豚以大量的触碰和鼻尖摩擦的动作来表示我爱你。科学家们甚至在海豚的语言方面有更多的研究。对海豚在适应与明了新经验方面的能力有更多的发现。我们知道它的学习能力很强,或许有一天人类能够和它们直接沟通。
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注释:
1. enigma:谜,费解的事。它与另两个单词特别容易弄混:riddle和conundrum:riddle也指“谜”,只是它更侧重于指测验智力的问题;
conundrum所指的谜语却是须以谐音的俏皮话或诙谐语回答的;而enigma则多指费解的事。
2. ties:关系。它与动词一般有一些固定搭配,比如:“加强关系”用cement
/strengthen ties;“断绝关系”用cut/rupture/sever ties;“建立关系”用establish ties。
3. give birth:这里是“生育”的意思,实际上它还能表示“产生”,比如:give
birth to a controversy引起舌战。
4. warn:警告。它经常与of和against搭配,比如:warn (sb.)
of /against danger警告某人提防危险。
5. as well:是“也,也可”的意思。比如:I will borrow that
book as well.
6. contact:接触。美国口语中还用它表示“有势力的熟人,门路”,比如“一个交际广门路多的人”可以说成a
man of many contacts。
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